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The legal principles that apply to cases involving HIV transmission may differ from those that apply to other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). However, the underlying principle remains the same: individuals have a legal obligation to disclose their STD status to sexual partners in order to obtain informed consent.

In Canada, the Criminal Code provides that individuals who knowingly transmit a communicable disease, including STDs other than HIV, without disclosing their status can be charged with a criminal offense such as assault or sexual assault. The specific charges and penalties will depend on the nature of the offense, the circumstances of the case, and the laws of the jurisdiction where the offense occurred.